Chuck



March 3,1931. G, 3, BUSH 1,794,511

CHUCK Filed Fab.l 1'7, 1926 Patented Mar. 3, 1931 Unire-n srarss;

jPj QFFICSE i `ciiii'onciiafe. iaUsH, or NEwrNefioN, coNNECTicUT,A'ssrGNoa To UNION MANUFACTUR-v :Ne ooiviriiNY, or NEW BRITAIN,coNNnc'ricur, A soirees-.errori or CQNNEGTICUT 'rennen-@f`Applicationiea rebiuary' 17, i926. seriai No. sass?.

*..Myliinvention relates more especially to that classer" chucksembodying jaws which are movable Iradially toward and -fronieach iotherforfthe purpose of clamping pieceso e work between-them, and anobjectr of my inachuck ofthis class having means for ef- 1 fectivelyholding such pieces of work against rotati-on under varied conditions astothe force ofthe gripping action.y

pOnc form of chuck embodying .myAinveici-"I tion and in the constructionand use of which the objects herein setjout, as wellas others, may beattained,:is .illustrated inthe accoml5 panying drawings, inwhiche i fFigure 1 isa face viewfofa chuck embodying iny invention; Y

Figure 2 is a viewin lcentral section lengthwise-through the axis of thechuck.. *Y ...20A vvFigure 3 is a detail view of a portion of a Achuclrillustrating la modified :torni of the invention. c j Y l e s Figurel 4is a detailV view `lengthwise through the chuck j awson a plane denotedby the dotted linee-4 of Figure).

While my invention is not limited inits use to a` chuck of anyparticulartype, yet

as it adapts itself particularly to what is coniinonly known as thevscroll tuype of chuck, I have selected such forV thev purpose ofillustration of my invention in they drawings herein, in which drawingsthe numerales ini j dicates a chuck bodyfgofany ordinary form andconstruction having a back plate 5 se-y 35. cured thereto, and havingradially arranged' grooves 6 for chuck jaws 7, the back 4platebeingsecured tothe; bodycffras-vby means ofV screws 8, andsaidplateclosing an annular chamber 9 containing ascroll ring.v 10 having 40 ascroll.in engagementwith scrollfteetlig11 on the bottoni ofthe jaws 7 Achuckjaw operating pinion 12,'or chuck jaw operating' pinions, is oraremounted in the back plate' the pinion or pinions may be rotatedtofopenv50 .or close the chuck jaws,...V i i j All the parts thus far vdescribedarev of old and well known construction andnoclaini is inadeherein tosuch'except in vconnection with parts comprising my invention and to benow described. vention, among others, is the productionl of be embodiedin different foi-ins, sorne of such" beingillustrated herein inV whichthe main jaws 7 each has a cutiaway portion 14C forina ,shoulder l5 nearthe back of thejaw,

whichshoulder'is preferably curved on 'the arc oia circle havinga pivot.studl, as its peuter. Q Theauxiliary jaws 17 are pivotallyattachedftothe main jaws 7 by ineansof said studs, these pivots being soarranged that Y when the jaws areV swung on the pivots some e part'ao'ftheffront edge of thejaw will be. moved nearer to the axis of thechuckand, therefore, atighter and increased grip will be exerted upon apiece of work held between thejaws. It isiminaterial to my invention inwhich direction the auxiliary jaws shall.I be swung tojeffectanincreased gripping action, but one. forni exemplified herein. I

have shown tliefront ends of the'jaws'recessed'so thatthev increasedgripping action will be obtained in a.Y swinging niovernentof the jawsin either direction. This gripping end of the auxiliaryy jaws, as wellas that ot' theniain jaws, isy preferablyvprovided with teeth 1 8extending inthe direction ofldeptli ofthejaws, and the front, yendsotbotli. the;;. ma-inf and auxiliary: jaws are substantially flush one ywith` the other. Y

.pWiththis construction it will be observed that I have provided meanswhereby the hold upon piecesotl work may be varied to suit the materialof which thefworkiscoinposed, sonic material requiring a lesser OjriptoV avoid crushing than other material` The two jaws,

the main jawandthe auxiliary aw', acting to gether, will permit this -tobe doneand at the ping-action willbe exercised in all cases byy the mainjaws, and this will be supplemented by the auxiliary jawsrso that shouldthe grip of the main jaws be insuflicient to prevent rotation of thework an additional grip will be exercised by the auxiliary jawssuiiicient to prevent such rotation, as vthe instanti'the-.work

begins to t-uin within the jaws the grip of the auxiliary jaws will beautomatically increased. It will, therefore, be 'seen thatithe niainjaws and the 4auxiliary aws act'togetherV to secure the contemplatedresult, and this cannotbe obtained with either the main or:

= it'to swing upon the application of soineforce raised portion 22forming a shoulder having atthe outer end ofsaid auxiliary jaw,

In another formv of the invention illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, thepivoted jaws are arranged to receive and hold a vpiece of work intheform of a ring by pressure against the inner surface. thereof. .Inthis form' of the device the chuck jaws 21 are mountedon the chuck bodyl in the same manner as hereinbefore described, 'said jaws each havingaa curvedfrecess 23 comprising Van arc-of a oircle struck fromy the pivotof the swinging ,j aws 241:,the holdingends of these 'swinging or piv- Yoted jaws being preferably curved andhaving holding teeth if desired.presseddetent 25, in this case in the formi-of ra ball, is employedto'yieldingly retain each jaw in its central position, this detent beinglocated at the mouth of an opening through the raised part 22' of themain'j aw. The maiinei' of operation of these swinging jaws' will bereadily understood from theforegoingidescription. A spring islocatedbetween the 1- ball and ar` screw plug closingthe endot' Vtheopening opposite theball.

A stop 2,6 in the form'of asc-raw may also'be employed to limit theswingingfmoveinent of the jaw 24, the inner endfofzthis stop engaging aslot in the backedge oftheVY 24;, and as shownin'Figure 8 of thedrawings."

In this form of the device, as in tliatlt'orm herein irst describechvtheouter end vof each7 of'theauxiliary jaws cooperates withla shoulder 2?onthe main jaw tohold a p iece of j. work, the outer end of eachauxiliary jaw being substantially Aflush with the shoulder 27 on' themain jaw and supplying the increased forceY required to hold the .pieceof;

f work 'fromturning In accordance with the provisions of thev patentstatutes I have described the principles of operation ofv my invention,together A spring with the device which I now consider to represent thebest embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that thedevice shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carriedout by other means and applied to uses other'than those set'out herein.

I cla-ini l. A chuck-jaw structure including a-inain j aw movable intogripping ,engage-ment` with a piece of work, an auxiliary jaw movablysupported relative to the main jaw' so as to be moved into grippingengagement with saidwork during'the similar movement of the main jaw,the relatively movable contacting/surfaces of: the main and auxiliaryjaws beingcoe ,xteiisive tmnsverselyof" the jaws, and the supportfor-said auxiliary jaw permitting the' latter to'in'ove laterallyindependent'ly 'ofthe main" jaw 'and l thereby augnient` the grippingaction upon the work should it' effectZ any turning movementi andyielding means for releas'ablyholding the auxiliary iixe'd withrespectto fthe main jawA until movement 1o fi the work relati'vefthemain jaw occurs.y Y

2f. chuckfjaw structure in'cliidinga main j aw movable' ii'ito grippingengagement with piece'o'fwork, airauxiliarfyjaw ha'vinga single workgripping faceino'v-ably supported-Y by themain i aw: so as to betnio'fed f into Y gripping engagement with saidwo'rh` Adur-ing thesimilar 'movement' of the' inain'vj aw, the support for saidf auxiliaryjaw permittingfthe latter Ato move laterally 'independentlyfof the rmainawI and'tliere'b'y increase its gripping action on said work should thelatter'eiict any 'tnr'i'i'ing' movement, and yielding; means for'releasably rholding-"the auxiliary aw iixed with respect' to' theniainja'w u'ntilmoife'ment* =offthe work relative'the main jaw occurs.

3.'A c-liuck'jaw structure including a main .3 f 'v 'iiio'ifableintogripping engagement with a piece'of-work, auxiliary jaw pi'vo'tallyiiito gripping'engageinentfwith' said work during the siinilai` movementof' the main Ijaw, a' free pii'fotallconnect-ion betweenl the inain jawandi the auxiliary-jaw for permitting the' latter to move laterali-y'ndepe'ndl v `nient and'yi'eldingineans 'for releasablyfholdingjt'heauxiliary 'jaw ix'ed with" respect to' the main jaw'until` movenientEofE the work relative theinainljaw occurs.

4. A chuck jaw structure'including a main jaw, an auxiliary'jawli'avinga' single work gripping face, means" for moving-both; ot

said jawssiinultaneously into'gripping enjgageine'nt with a pieceofwork, 'a free pivotal mounting saidV auxiliary jaw' which permitsV thevlatter to move in opposite 'directions relative to the main-'jaw toincrease the 'gripping action on said Work should it effect any turningmovement, and yieldingmeans for releasably holding the auxiliary'jawfixed ly of the main jaw and thereby grip the` With respect to the mainjaw until movement of the work relative to the main jaw occurs.

' '5. A chuck comprising a body, a chuck jaw structure supported by saidbody and lmovable into gripping engagement withfa piece of WorlQ-saidchuck )aw structure in-` cluding a main j aw, an auxiliary jaw`a freepivotal mounting Vfor movably supporting the, auxiliary jaw relative tothe main jaw so as to vpermit'the auxiliary jaw to move laterally-independently of the main aw and thereby increase the gripping actionon theV crease the gripping action von the piece of Work should thelatter effect any turning movement, and yielding means for releasablyholding the auxiliary jaw fixed with respect to the main jaw untilmovement of the Work relative the main jaw occurs.

7. A chuck aw structure including a main jaw having a work grippingsurface extending the full width of the jaw and formed onY the arc lofa. circle, an auxiliary Vjaw connected to the main Jaw and having a Workgripping surface extending the full Ywidth of they jaw and formed on anarc of the aforen'ien-Y tioned circle, means vfor moving said awsintogripping engagement vwith 'a piece of Work, the relatively movablecontacting surfaces of the main and auxiliary jaws being coextensivetransversely of the jaws, and the connectioii for the auxiliary jawpermitting said jaw toy move relative to the main jaw to increase thegripping action Vupon the work should the latter effect any turningmovement, and yielding means for-releasably holding the auxiliaryy jawfixed with respect to vthe main jaw until'movement of the workrelative'the main jaw` occurs.-

8. A chucky jaw structureincluding a main jaw, an auxiliary jaw, meanslfor adjusting both of saidjaws intogripping engagement with respect tothe main jaw until movement of the work relative the main jaw occurs.

9. A chuck structure comprising a chuck body, work gripping meanscarried byk said body, means for moving said work gripping means intoengagement with a piece of work with enough force so as to hold thelatter against rotation until the torsional strain exerted uponthelatter reachespa predetermined point, additional vwork grippingmeans, means for connecting the additional work grippingrmeans to saidfirst v mentioned grippingmeans so as to be moved into engagement withsaid work during the similar movement of "the first mentioned grippingmeans, said i connectingmeans comprising a. free pivotal mounting forpermitting the additional gripping means-tobe moved by slippage of thework with respect to the first mentioned gripping means independently ofthe latter land after saidtorsional strain has passed said predeterminedpoint to arrest said slippage, and yielding meansfor releasably holdingthe additional Work gripping means fixed With respect to the rstmentioned work gripping means until movement of the work occurs.

l0.- A chuck jaw structure including a main jaw movable into grippingengagement with a piece; of work, i said main jaw being cut away toprovide a 'gripping surface of less depth than the depth of the j aw, anauxiliary jaw movably mounted within the cut away portion of themainvjaw sogas to be moved into. gripping engagement with said Workduring the similar movement of the main jaw, va free pivotal connectionbetween the auxiliary jaw and the main jaw for causing the auxiliary jawto move laterally yindependently of the main jaw and thereby augmentthev gripping action upon vthe work lshould the latterv effect anyturning movement, and yielding means for releasably holding theauxiliaryjaw fixed with respect to the main jaw until movement of thework relative the Y main jaw occurs.

GEORGE G. BUSH.

with a piecepf work, a free pivotal mounting 'l for supporting theauxiliary jaw in its ad- Justed position so that slippage of the workauxiliary jaw to -move laterally independentwork with greater force, andyielding means for releasably holding the auxiliaryjaw fixed vwithrespect to the main jaw will cause the

